Molecular analysis have proved that Gnetales are not the Angiosperm sister-clade (Chaw et al., 2000). Angiosperms may have appeared during Jurassic from a group of fossil plants such as Bennetitales or Caytoniales. Gymnosperms are plants with seeds ( Spermaphytes) but with a naked ovule: the ovule is not included in a carpel that is an apomorphic feature of Angiosperms. A leaf-life structure (homologous to a leaf), a scale or megasporophyll bears the ovule. Gymnosperms are probably (...)